Investigation Threads
Thread 1: The $25M Advisory Contract
Thread 6: Pardini / Quintet / Gulf SWF
Thread 2: Kathryn Ruemmler
Thread 7: Collardi / Julius Baer Merger
Thread 3: Roed-Larsen / Aidan / Colom
Thread 8: Ariane Personal Entanglement
Thread 4: 1MDB / KAQ / Luxembourg
Thread 9: Groff Operations
Thread 5: Bogdanchikov / Thewes / MossFon
Thread 10: ICIJ Offshore Infrastructure
Overview Charts
Immediate Priorities
Overview
Active — 11 confirmed / 3 open
Thread 1: The $25M Advisory Contract
Two contracts, two payers, one intermediary. Phi = 0.429.
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First draft contract: $25M, names Epstein via Southern Trust Company | DOJ corpus | Oct 5, 2015 |
| 2 | Signed contract: $15M, Epstein's name removed, replaced with Darren Indyke | EFTA01125101 | Nov 3, 2015 |
| 3 | Sliding-scale fee: $25M if penalty <$75M; $10M if penalty $75-150M | DOJ corpus | Nov 2015 |
| 4 | Wire 1: $10,000,000 from EdR (Suisse) SA → Southern Trust | DOJ Glossary | Dec 17, 2015 |
| 5 | Wire 2: $14,999,980 from Benjamin de Rothschild (personal) → Southern Trust | DOJ Glossary | Dec 21, 2015 |
| 6 | Total wired: $24,999,980 — matches first draft, not signed contract | BARSS analysis | Dec 2015 |
| 7 | DOJ penalty: $45,245,000. Maximum payout triggered. | NPA EFTA00590334 | Dec 15, 2015 |
| 8 | Epstein email: "45 million legal (kathy plus pillsbury ~10, me 25) all less than 80" | Le Temps Mar 2, 2026 | Dec 11, 2015 |
| 9 | Phi = $15M / $35M savings = 0.429 — within EEDTM Phi band (0.40–0.45) | BARSS | — |
| 10 | PGSL at micro scale: EdR net savings = $0 ($45M + $25M + ~$10M legal ≈ $80M) | BARSS | — |
| 11 | Pillsbury paid by Epstein entities: $235,000 ($100K + $135K) — despite representing EdR | EFTA01912215 | — |
Alice's Contributions: Found the $15M signed contract (EFTA01125101), unlocking the two-payer structure. Identified the separate ~$11M "strategic advisory" payment for family governance advice. Noted the two contract versions (Oct vs Nov 2015).
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where is the second contract (for the ~$10M corporate wire)? No signed document for that tranche located. | HIGH |
| 2 | Was the $80M initial DOJ figure genuine or Epstein's invention? Swiss Bank Program comparables suggest $55-60M expected penalty. | MEDIUM |
| 3 | The $7.5M wire from EdR to Epstein entities in July 2019 (6 weeks before death). What was this for? | HIGH |
Active — 8 confirmed / 4 open
Thread 2: Kathryn Ruemmler (The Institutional Bridge)
111 records in DOJ corpus. White House → Latham → EdR NPA → Goldman GC → resigned.
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 111 distinct records in DOJ Epstein-JPMorgan-USVI corpus. 3× Dershowitz's footprint. | BARSS density analysis | — |
| 2 | Career: White House Counsel (2011-2014) → Latham partner → Goldman Sachs GC (2020) → resigned | Public record | — |
| 3 | "Spa day" email: Epstein to Groff, CC Ruemmler + "A. de Rothschild": "coordinate and pay for spa day for all the girls in geneve" | EFTA02196386 | Dec 7, 2016 |
| 4 | NPA real-time discussion: Ruemmler to Epstein: "another NPA announced today... Rothschild AG in Zurich... only $11mm penalty." Epstein: "rothschild zurich. yes freaked." | EFTA02499978 | Jun 4, 2015 |
| 5 | Forwarded 1MDB raid article to Epstein after 90-officer raid on EdR Luxembourg | Sarawak Report Feb 2026 | Sep 2, 2016 |
| 6 | Jan 14, 2016 meeting at 9 E. 71st: 3:00 PM Ariane + Tobiano; 3:30 PM Ruemmler; 3:45 PM Marc Rowen + Siddiqui (Apollo). Ruemmler flew DC shuttle for this. | DOJ scheduling | Jan 14, 2016 |
| 7 | "Amici" emails: Epstein directed Ruemmler to recruit amicus briefs AGAINST victims' CVRA claims. "Let main justice know quietly." | EFTA02498478 | — |
| 8 | Groff scheduling: Ruemmler at dinner with Bill Burns (CIA), Woody Allen, Peter Thiel; coordinating Cass Sunstein + Samantha Power invite. | EFTA02098197, EFTA02097828 | — |
Key Finding: The "freaked" email (Jun 4, 2015) proves Ruemmler-Epstein legal coordination on EdR was active 4 months BEFORE the formal advisory contract. She wasn't hired for the NPA... she was already working it.
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | What compliance decisions did Ruemmler influence at Goldman Sachs? | MEDIUM |
| 2 | Did Goldman's Epstein-related banking overlap with Ruemmler's tenure? | MEDIUM |
| 3 | Who else attended meetings at Epstein's residence during Ruemmler's documented visits? | LOW |
| 4 | The "rapid-fire" scheduling windows — what was discussed in 15-minute turnover? | LOW |
Active — 15 confirmed / 5 open
Thread 3: The Introduction Chain (Roed-Larsen / Aidan / Colom)
Norwegian diplomat → UN aide → EdR insider. Recruited into EdR by Epstein. Two now charged/fired.
Terje Roed-Larsen
| Fact | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Oslo Accords architect, IPI President (2005-2020). Introduced Colom to Epstein (April 2011), then Ariane to Epstein (June 2013). | EFTA_R1_00275346 | CHARGED |
| Financial: $130K loan, $250K during introduction period, $650K to IPI. $10M in Epstein's will ($5M per child). | DOJ corpus | — |
| Wrote visa letters for trafficking victims claiming "extraordinary abilities." | DOJ corpus | — |
| Luxembourg trip Jan 11-12, 2012. One year before Ariane introduction. EdR Luxembourg at 4 rue Robert Stumper since 1969. | EFTA02299325 | — |
| CHARGED Feb 9, 2026: Okokrim (Norway), aiding and abetting aggravated corruption. Wife Mona Juul charged. Ex-PM Jagland charged in same probe. | Okokrim press release | CHARGED |
Fabrice Aidan
| Fact | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|
| UN official (2006-2013), Roed-Larsen's Special Assistant at IPI. Named 200+ times in Epstein files. | DOJ corpus | FIRED |
| Transmitted UN Security Council briefings and Ban Ki-moon readouts to Epstein via official UN email. | DOJ corpus | — |
| FBI flagged (2013): Child pornography website access. | DOJ corpus | — |
| Epstein placed him at EdR (Jan 2014-2016) as international affairs lobbyist. Colom confirmed: "I'm hiring Fabrice." | EFTA00663432 | — |
| Fired from Engie Feb 2026. Still on Quai d'Orsay payroll. French prosecutors investigating. | Alice's Colom report | UNDER INVESTIGATION |
Olivier Colom
| Fact | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|
| EdR France → Group Secretary-General (2013). Email footer: @edr.com / "Edmond de Rothschild (France)." | DOJ corpus | — |
| Asked Epstein to help Bruno Le Maire raise funds (Sep 2013). Same ENA class (Marc Bloch 1997). | EFTA00663432 | — |
| Arranged visa help for Epstein's "assistants" via Lortholary (Nov 2014). | EFTA_R1_01297295 | — |
| "Saw her tonight in Paris. She read your email" — reporting on Ariane to Epstein. | EFTA00663432 | — |
| Severance ~EUR 1.5M + NDA negotiated BY Epstein. The man he introduced to the bank. | DOJ corpus | — |
Bertrand Lortholary: ENA Marc Bloch 1997. Consul General NY (2012-2016) during visa assistance. Currently Ambassador to China. Zero consequences.
Alice's Contributions: Professional-grade Colom report identifying the full introduction chain. Confirmed Aidan fired from Engie Feb 2026. Le Maire-Colom ENA connection. Nadine as Epstein target.
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | What did Roed-Larsen do in Luxembourg Jan 11-12, 2012? Was he scoping EdR before the introduction? | HIGH |
| 2 | What is "Consuela"? Roed-Larsen described Colom as "boss of Consuela." | MEDIUM |
| 3 | Full terms of Colom's NDA — does it cover Epstein specifically? | MEDIUM |
| 4 | Is Aidan cooperating with French prosecutors? Trajectory suggests institutional protection. | HIGH |
| 5 | Lortholary accountability — any Quai d'Orsay internal review? | LOW |
Confirmed — 10 confirmed / 3 open
Thread 4: 1MDB / KAQ / EdR Luxembourg Conviction
$472.75M laundered. First Luxembourg bank ever convicted of money laundering (May 2025).
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | $472,750,000 laundered through "Vasco Account" at EdR Luxembourg. Four wire transfers. | DOJ complaint Jul 2020 | May-Nov 2012 |
| 2 | Client: Khadem al-Qubaisi (KAQ), ex-MD IPIC, Chairman Aabar. Serving 15 years Abu Dhabi. | Abu Dhabi court | 2019 |
| 3 | CEO during offense: Marc Ambroisien (2012-2015). Received EUR 250K Aston Martin from KAQ. | CSSF, Luxembourg parquet | — |
| 4 | CSSF fine: EUR 8,985,000 | Le Temps Jun 22, 2017 | Jun 2017 |
| 5 | 90-officer raid on EdR Luxembourg HQ. 153 reports, wiretaps. | Le Temps | Jun 2016 |
| 6 | First Luxembourg bank convicted of money laundering (May 22, 2025). EUR 25M confiscated. Plea deal. | Le Quotidien | May 2025 |
| 7 | Ambroisien CSSF-banned 10 years (March 2020), charged Jan 24, 2022. | CSSF communiqué | 2020/2022 |
| 8 | Epstein consulted on 1MDB crisis: late-night call with Cynthia Tobiano about Sarawak Report article on Jho Low. | Sarawak Report Feb 2026 | Oct 2015 |
| 9 | Ruemmler forwarded 1MDB raid article to Epstein. | Sarawak Report | Sep 2, 2016 |
| 10 | BSI (Lugano) connection: same 1MDB money, BSI shut down 2016. | BARSS analysis | 2016 |
Alice's Contributions: Le Quotidien article documenting conviction. Le Temps articles on CSSF fine and BSI whistleblower. Paperjam entity details.
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who are the unnamed employees targeted by Luxembourg parquet alongside Ambroisien? | HIGH |
| 2 | KAQ cooperation status from Abu Dhabi — testimony against EdR personnel? | MEDIUM |
| 3 | Tobiano-Epstein 1MDB consultation: part of formal advisory or separate? | MEDIUM |
Active — 8 confirmed / 3 open
Thread 5: Bogdanchikov / Thewes / Mossack Fonseca
$100M+ claim. VP of private banking sold himself as "close confidante of the baroness." Multi-jurisdiction dismissals.
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plaintiff: Sergei Bogdanchikov, ex-CEO Rosneft (1998-2010). Claim: $100M+ for $81M lost of $150M portfolio. | NY Supreme Court 655263/2020 |
| 2 | Perpetrator: Carlo Thewes, VP Private Banking EdR Luxembourg. "Close confidante of the baroness." Invited Bogdanchikov to Château de Rothschild. | NY complaint |
| 3 | Mechanism: falsified account statements, funds to NY shell companies, inflated fees for kickbacks. | NY complaint |
| 4 | Shell companies via Mossack Fonseca: Hansen Limited, Hansen Invest Limited, Floridana Investments Limited. | NY complaint |
| 5 | Intermediaries: Vladimir & Olga Oblonsky (Fontanelle Capital, Brooklyn), Mikhail Filimonov (OIM Capital, Manhattan). | NY complaint |
| 6 | Case dismissed Nov 2021 (forum non conveniens). Already failed in Luxembourg and Switzerland. | Court records |
| 7 | ICIJ cross-ref: EdR = ACTIVE Mossack Fonseca intermediary (3 entities). Also linked to Alcogal in Pandora Papers. | ICIJ database |
| 8 | Alcogal overlap: Bogdanchikov in Pandora Papers via Alcogal. EdR's Banque de Gestion also via Alcogal. Two shared offshore law firms. | ICIJ database |
Alice's Contributions: Le Temps article (Oct 2020) on the lawsuit. Named Carlo Thewes as "senior executive close to Ariane." Three Alcogal articles deepening infrastructure picture.
Cross-Investigation Note: Alcogal also appears in BARSS's separate BAM BAM investigation (Haiti oligarch families: Bigio, Brandt, Acra all share Alcogal). Same offshore infrastructure provider, different client sets.
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where is Carlo Thewes now? Ambroisien was banned 10 years. No equivalent sanction found for Thewes. | HIGH |
| 2 | Additional Alcogal-EdR links beyond Pandora Papers data point? | MEDIUM |
| 3 | Connection between Haiti BAM BAM families' Alcogal shells and EdR offshore infrastructure? | LOW |
Active — 4 confirmed / 4 open — ALICE'S LEAD
Thread 6: Pardini / Quintet / Gulf Sovereign Wealth
EdR Luxembourg insider moves to Qatar-owned bank. Client migration? Infrastructure continuity?
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stéphane Pardini left EdR Luxembourg (Nov 2024) for Quintet Private Bank Luxembourg. Head of Wealth Management, group executive committee. | Alice (Mar 4, 2026) |
| 2 | Quintet = formerly KBL European Private Bankers. Owned by Qatar's Al-Thani family via Precision Capital since 2012. | Alice research |
| 3 | Pardini survived 7+ years at EdR Luxembourg AFTER the 2017 management purge. He outlasted the housecleaning. | BARSS analysis |
| 4 | Yves Stein (current EdR Luxembourg CEO) was ex-KBL — the same bank that became Quintet. Revolving door. | Entity profile |
This entire thread is Alice's contribution. The Pardini lead is 100% her work (March 4, 2026).
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Did Pardini carry client relationships from EdR to Quintet? | HIGH |
| 2 | Who else left EdR Luxembourg in 2023-2024, and where did they land? | HIGH |
| 3 | Connection between Pardini-to-Quintet and KAQ/1MDB pipeline? (Abu Dhabi IPIC vs Qatar Al-Thani... different states, overlapping SWF networks) | MEDIUM |
| 4 | KBL's apartheid-era sanctions-busting history (Kredietbank: 70% of weapons purchases, 850 accounts). Did Quintet inherit infrastructure? | LOW |
Confirmed — 7 confirmed / 4 open
Thread 7: Collardi / Julius Baer / Merger Proposal
Barak → Collardi → Epstein → Ariane. Merger talks + $28M Morocco wires pre-arrest.
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ehud Barak sends Collardi's vCard to Epstein. Subject: "Collardi Boris." | EFTA01743023 | Nov 24, 2016 |
| 2 | Epstein emails Collardi at JB address: "tax efficient and control efficient structures... eventual merger." Corporate disclaimer footer = through monitored systems. | EFTA01785744 | Nov 25, 2016 |
| 3 | "Interesting follow up calls with Collardi and Ehud." | EFTA02336875 | Feb 26, 2017 |
| 4 | Dinner with Collardi in Paris, booked through Groff. | EFTA02211210 | May 14, 2017 |
| 5 | Barak: CHF 600K "rainmaker" agreement. | Reporting | — |
| 6 | JB Morocco wires pre-arrest: EUR 11.15M (Jun 26, reversed) + $14.95M (Jul 4, canceled Jul 9). Both to "Marc Leon, Marrakech." | DOJ corpus | Jun-Jul 2019 |
| 7 | Rothschild [C] stock trading via Deutsche Bank (~EUR 2.8M, 100K shares). Timing = merger discussions. | EFTA01371600-03 | May 2017 |
Open Leads
| # | Question | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Did JB compliance review the Epstein-Collardi email? Corporate footer means monitored. | MEDIUM |
| 2 | What was "the reality of the future"? Benjamin's health? Succession? | MEDIUM |
| 3 | $28M Morocco transfers — what was being liquidated? Where was it going? | HIGH |
| 4 | Was the [C] stock trade positioning for the merger? | MEDIUM |
Confirmed — 12 confirmed / 3 open
Thread 8: Ariane de Rothschild (Personal Entanglement)
Furniture to Little St James. Israel foundation. Jacob correspondence shared. Private email domain. 65.94% control.
Confirmed Facts
| # | Fact | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Epstein paid EUR 86,895.60 for furniture Ariane purchased at Piasa auction house. 5 pieces shipped to Little St James via Art Transit. Overlaps NPA contract period. | EFTA02717034, EFTA01732271-72 |
| 2 | Israel foundation trips: Ariane flying privately, simultaneously ordering Rana Goor bronzes for Epstein's island. | EFTA02388694 |
| 3 | Barak-Ariane Geneva breakfast brokered by Epstein. "Like the last time" = recurring. Barak: "that what happens where she first pay then check." | EFTA01921900 |
| 4 | L'Ami Louis dinner: Ariane organizing with Roed-Larsen and Aidan. | EFTA01933360 |
| 5 | Jacob Rothschild correspondence shared with Epstein. "So english and so hypocritical." Used Epstein as sounding board. | DOJ corpus |
| 6 | Corporate opacity: branch separation (Jun 2018, 13mo pre-arrest) → delisting (Aug 27 2019, 6wk post-death) → Benjamin dies (Jan 2021) → Ariane CEO (2023). | SIX records |
| 7 | Ariane controls 65.94% via four daughters' votes. Zero public disclosure since delisting. | Corporate records |
| 8 | Private email: aderfam.ch for Epstein comms. Not bank infrastructure. | DOJ corpus |
| 9 | Sultan bin Sulayem (DP World): regular Epstein correspondent. "He had an American girl with him." $125M bridge loan. 82 marine terminals, 40 countries. | EFTA01755821 |
Alice's Contributions: Perplexity Pro research on dual-branch structure and genealogy. Ariane = wife of Benjamin, daughter-in-law of Edmond. Nadine de Rothschild intel: Epstein advised "castrating" her; she moved assets to Pictet. "Christophe" perfume insult.
Cold — 5 confirmed / 2 open
Thread 9: Lesley Groff (Operational Coordinator)
FBI: "primary contact for the girls in NY." $200K+ payments. Managed the Power/Money lists.
| # | Fact | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | FBI memo: "primary contact for the girls in NY." Meeting with FBI/SDNY "generally positive." | EFTA01649143 |
| 2 | $200K+ documented payments ($100K Jan 2016, $100K Jan 2017). | DOJ corpus |
| 3 | Coordinated ALL key EdR-network meetings at Epstein's residence. | DOJ scheduling |
| 4 | Managed "Power" and "Money" seminar lists: Gates, Clinton, Summers, Staley, Thiel, Bezos, Milken. | EFTA01849086 |
| 5 | Bill Burns / Woody Allen / Ruemmler / Peter Thiel — all same-day scheduling. | EFTA02098197 |
Confirmed — 6 confirmed / 2 open
Thread 10: ICIJ Offshore Infrastructure
Panama Papers + Paradise Papers + Bahamas Leaks + Pandora Papers. Alcogal shared with Haiti BAM BAM families.
| Leak | EdR Entities | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Panama Papers (Mossack Fonseca) | 3 active + 1 suspended | Active intermediary relationship |
| Paradise Papers (Appleby) | EdR SPC (Cayman), Baron Edmond personal, EdR Monaco, EdR Luxembourg | Multiple jurisdictions |
| Bahamas Leaks | EdR (Bahamas) Ltd + EdR Advisory and Asset (Bahamas) | Caribbean presence |
| Pandora Papers (Alcogal) | Banque de Gestion Edmond de Rothschild | Shared with BAM BAM families |
Alcogal Nexus: Both EdR (via Banque de Gestion) and BARSS's Haiti BAM BAM targets (Bigio, Brandt, Acra) use Aleman, Cordero, Galindo & Lee as their offshore law firm. 14,000+ shell companies. >1/3 linked to Swiss intermediaries.
Intelligence Attribution
Alice Bouladon: Consolidated Contributions
14 intelligence items across 7 days. One thread entirely hers.
| Date | Item | Impact | Thread |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 27 | Professional Colom report (full BI product) | Identified Roed-Larsen / Aidan / Colom chain | Thread 3 |
| Mar 1 | $11M strategic advice figure | Explained gap between $15M contract and $25M wired | Thread 1 |
| Mar 2 | $15M contract correction (EFTA01125101) | Key unlock for two-payer structure | Thread 1 |
| Mar 2 | Rothschild genealogy + dual-branch structure | Paris branch lineage, 2018 settlement | Thread 8 |
| Mar 2 | Le Temps (Ruche, Mar 2, 2026) | First public reporting: advisory value, Collardi, Nadine | Threads 1, 7, 8 |
| Mar 2 | Le Temps (Oct 2020) Bogdanchikov | NY lawsuit, "close to baroness" quote | Thread 5 |
| Mar 2 | Le Quotidien (May 2025) 1MDB conviction | First Luxembourg bank convicted | Thread 4 |
| Mar 2 | Le Temps (Jun 2017) CSSF fine | EUR 9M fine documentation | Thread 4 |
| Mar 2 | Paperjam EdR entity data | Registration B19194, address, personnel | Thread 4 |
| Mar 3 | NPA analysis acknowledged + Aleman Cordero research started | Confirmed $80M = Epstein invention | Thread 1 |
| Mar 4 | Pardini → Quintet lead (entirely new thread) | EdR-to-Gulf-SWF pipeline discovered | Thread 6 |
| Mar 4 | Three Alcogal articles (AFP, Le Temps, Public Eye) | Infrastructure-level understanding | Thread 5, 10 |
| Mar 5 | Bruno Le Maire typo correction | Accuracy | Thread 3 |
| Mar 5 | French humor video (Palestine-Mossad angle) | Morale | — |
Action Items
Immediate Priorities
March 5, 2026
| # | Action | Owner | Priority |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indyke deposition (March 5). He is the name on the contract, Southern Trust director, $25M wire recipient. Questions: contract structure, wire routing, July 2019 $7.5M wire. | Monitor | URGENT |
| 2 | Thewes: where is he now? Ambroisien banned 10 years. No equivalent sanction found for Thewes. Alice best positioned (Geneva network). | Alice | HIGH |
| 3 | Pardini: client migration audit. Who else left EdR Luxembourg 2023-2024? Where did they go? Pattern or one-off? | Alice | HIGH |
| 4 | Alcogal deep dive. Cross-reference EdR + BAM BAM offshore footprints in ICIJ database. | Wesley | MEDIUM |
| 5 | Second contract hunt. The ~$10M corporate wire has no documented contract. Search DOJ corpus for any engagement letter beyond EFTA01125101. | Wesley | MEDIUM |
| 6 | Morocco wire trace. Marc Leon / Kensington Morocco / $28M attempted through JB Zurich. What was being liquidated? | Alice | MEDIUM |
Method Note
How this board works. Every cell in the "Confirmed" columns is an empirically established fact... a court filing, a DOJ document number, a published article, a corporate record. Nothing in those columns is interpretation.
The "Open Leads" columns are where the probability hasn't been run yet. Each question is testable: it has a specific answer that can be found in a specific place. The investigation advances by converting open leads into confirmed facts.
When enough confirmed facts accumulate in a thread, patterns emerge. The pattern across Thread 1 (Phi = 0.429), Thread 4 ($472M laundered), and Thread 7 ($28M Morocco) is: EdR was not a passive victim of Epstein. It was an active participant in a financial ecosystem that moved hundreds of millions across jurisdictions with decreasing compliance at each step.
That's not a conclusion. It's what the confirmed facts say when you put them next to each other.